SAT寫作例子之法拉第.

　　下面是一篇介紹法拉第的SAT寫作例子，這篇SAT寫作例子介紹了法拉第的生平和他所取得的成就以及這個過程中所遇到的困難和解決的方法，非常詳細。大家可以在備考SAT寫作考試的時候，適當?shù)膮⒖己徒梃b一下相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。

　　法拉第·邁克爾　Faraday, Michael 1791 -- 1867

　　Key words: physicist chemist

　　Physicist and chemist. Born September 22, 1791, in Newington, Surrey. The family soon moved to London, where young Michael, one of 10 children, picked up the rudiments of reading, writing, and arithmetic. At the age of 14, he was apprenticed to a bookbinder and bookseller. He read ravenously and attended public lectures, including some by Sir Humphry Davy.

　　Faraday&aposs career began when Davy, temporarily blinded in a laboratory accident, appointed Faraday as his assistant at the Royal Institution. With Davy as a teacher in analytical chemistry, Faraday advanced in his scientific apprenticeship and began independent chemical studies. By 1825, he discovered benzene and had become the first to describe compounds of chlorine and carbon. He adopted the atomic theory to explain that chemical qualities were the result of attraction and repulsion between united atoms. This proved to be the theoretical foundation for much of his future work.

　　Faraday had already done some work in magnetism and electricity, and it was in this field that he made his most outstanding contributions. His first triumph came when he found a solution to the problem of producing continuous rotation by use of electric current, thus making electric motors possible.

　　Hans Oersted had discovered the magnetic fect of a current, but Faraday grasped the fact that a conductor at rest and a steady magnetic field do not interact and that to get an induced current either the conductor or the field has to move. On August 29, 1831, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.

　　During the next 10 years, Faraday explored and expanded the field of electricity. In 1834, he announced his famous two laws of electrolysis. Brily, they state that for any given amount of electrical force in an electrochemical cell, chemical substances are released at the electrodes in the ratio of their chemical equivalents. He also invented the voltammeter, a device for measuring electrical charges, which was the first step toward the later standardization of electrical quantities.

　　Faraday continued to work in his laboratory, but his health began to deteriorate and he had to stop work entirely in 1841. Almost miraculously, however, his health later improved and he resumed work in 1844. He began a search for an interaction between magnetism and light and in 1845 turned his attention from electrostatics to electromagnetism. He discovered that an intense magnetic field could rotate the plane of polarized light, a phenomenon known today as the Faraday fect. In conjunction with these experiments, he showed that all matter conducts the magnetic line of force.

　　Objects that were good conductors he called paramagnetics, while those that conducted the force poorly he named diamagnetics. Thus, the energy of a magnet is in the space around it, not in the magnet itself. This is the fundamental idea of the field theory.

　　Faraday was a brilliant lecturer, and through his public lectures he did a great deal to popularize science. Shortly after he became head of the Royal Institution in 1825, he inaugurated the custom of giving a series of lectures for young people during the Christmas season. This tradition has been maintained, and over the years the series have frequently been the basis for fascinating, simply written, and informative books.

　　Faraday died in London on August 25, 1867. The admiration of physicists for Faraday has been demonstrated by naming the unit of capacitance the farad and a unit of charge, the faraday. No other man has been doubly honored in this way. His name also appears frequently in connection with fects, laws, and apparatus. These honors are proper tribute to the man who was possibly the greatest experimentalist who ever lived.

　　法拉第(1791 -- 1867)是英國物理學家、化學家，也是著名的自學成才的科學家。1791 年9 月22 日薩里郡紐因頓一個貧苦鐵匠家庭。因家庭貧困僅上過幾年小學，13 歲時便在一家書店里當學徒。書店的工作使他有機會讀到許多科學書籍。在送報、裝訂等工作之余，自學化學和電學，并動手做簡單的實驗，驗證書上的內(nèi)容。利用業(yè)余時間參加市哲學學會的學習活動，聽自然哲學講演，因而受到了自然科學的基礎(chǔ)教育。由于他愛好科學研究，專心致志，受到英國化學家戴維的賞識。

　　1813 年3 月由戴維舉薦到皇家研究所任實驗室助手。這是法拉第一生的轉(zhuǎn)折點，從此他踏上了獻身科學研究的道路。同年10 月戴維到歐洲大陸作科學考察，講學，法拉第作為他的秘書、助手隨同前往。歷時一年半，先后經(jīng)過法國、瑞士、意大利、德國、比利時、荷蘭等國，結(jié)識了安培、蓋.呂薩克等著名學者。沿途法拉第協(xié)助戴維做了許多化學實驗，這大大豐富了他的科學知識，增長了實驗才干，為他后來開展獨立的科學研究奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

　　法拉第主要從事電學、磁學、磁光學、電化學方面的研究，他關(guān)于磁生電的跨時代的偉大發(fā)現(xiàn)，使人類掌握了電磁運動相互轉(zhuǎn)變以及機械能和電能相互轉(zhuǎn)變的方法，成為現(xiàn)代發(fā)電機、電動機、變壓器技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)。

　　法拉第能夠這樣堅持10 年矢志不渝地探索電磁感應現(xiàn)象，重要原因之一是同他關(guān)于各種自然力的統(tǒng)一和轉(zhuǎn)化的思想密切相關(guān)的，他始終堅信自然界各種不同現(xiàn)象之間有著無限多的聯(lián)系。也是在這一思想的指導下，他繼續(xù)研究當時已知的伏打電池的電、摩擦電、溫差電、伽伐尼電、電磁感應電等各種電的同一性，1832 年他發(fā)表了〈不同來源的電的同一性〉論文，用大量實驗論證了“不管電的來源如何，它的本性都相同”的結(jié)論，從而掃除了人們在電的本性問題認識上的種種迷霧。

　　以上就是關(guān)于法拉第的SAT寫作例子的全部內(nèi)容，包括了英語和漢語兩個部分的內(nèi)容介紹以及關(guān)鍵詞的選擇。大家可以在備考相關(guān)的SAT寫作話題的時候?qū)@份材料進行適當?shù)慕M織語言集中練習。

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