空氣泡泡抵御中國霧霾？.

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　　空氣泡泡抵御中國霧霾?

　　China pollution: How air domes may help Beijing

　　On most days, a thick blanket of poisonous smog hovers over Beijing. But one day, China&aposs capital could be dotted with domes filled with clean air.

　　Orproject, a London-based architecture and design firm, has devised the Bubbles project, a design that envisions massive, balloon-like structures filled with clean air.

　　The vegetation inside the park would produce clean air for those living inside the buildings on the perimeter of the bubbles, while also providing a smog-free space for residents to spend time in the faux outdoors.

　　Rajat Sodhi, director of Orproject India, spent a year and a half developing the idea with the firm&aposs Beijing team.

　　"The seed of this project was the realisation that in developing countries, especially major cities in India and China, the air quality has crossed unacceptable limits." Mr Sodhi explains.

　　"You really can&apost step out and be outdoors. You just move from one air-conditioned space to another."

　　The group decided to design the large domes using patterns found in nature.

　　"If you look at the structure of a butterfly wing or that of a leaf, it has a dense pattern that allows the structure to be fairly stable and fairly large but using very little material," Mr Sodhi says.

　　Mixed reactions

　　The skin of the rooftop bubbles would be created from ETFE, an extremely durable, lightweight material that will not decompose over time. Each bubble would be filled with gas, allowing it to float.

　　The entire structure would be shaped and anchored with steel supports.

　　The project has received mixed reactions since it was first released in January.

　　But critics argue that the concept smacks of deatism. Why bother to rid the air of pollution in cities like Beijing if bubbles of clean air are available?

　　Others say the plan is simply unrealistic and, at best, would lead to two classes of citizens in polluted areas. Presumably only a wealthy few would gain access to the bubble, leaving the unlucky majority trapped in smog.

　　Rajat Sodhi believes the reaction comes from those who want to solve environmental problems, though he says that isn&apost his goal. He&aposs an architect who creates living spaces, he contends. The Bubbles project could work in a variety of locations where people are barred from enjoying green, open spaces for much of the year.

　　"You had a whole part of the US affected by the Polar Vortex this year, which made stepping outside impossible," he says. "There were basically no green areas in cities, so the air quality drops because there is no natural regeneration of the air."

　　This project could exist in extremely hot or cold climates, the designers contend.

　　"I think this kind of project was meant for any space, because what it fundamentally does is create a controlled environment in the form of a biodiversity park which can sustain clean air throughout the year," Mr Sodhi says.

　　Chinese government officials have yet to respond to the firm&aposs proposal.

　　據(jù)英國廣播公司(BBC)網(wǎng)站報道，大多數(shù)時間，北京都籠罩在厚厚的有毒霧霾之下。不過，也許從某天起，北京將到處點綴著充滿清潔空氣的穹頂。

　　一家倫敦的建筑和設(shè)計公司Orproject開發(fā)出了這個泡泡狀的設(shè)計。這個設(shè)計體量很大，有著氣球一樣的外形，里面充滿清潔的空氣。

　　氣泡里的植物為居住的人提供了足夠的清潔空氣。在里面居住的人都住在氣泡的邊緣，而氣泡設(shè)計還為居民進行“戶外”活動提供了空間。

　　Orproject印度公司主管Rajat Sodhi與公司在北京的團隊花了一年半時間開發(fā)出了這個設(shè)計。

　　Sodhi先生說：“這個設(shè)計的靈感來源于發(fā)展中國家的現(xiàn)實情況，尤其是中國與印度的大城市的空氣質(zhì)量都無法忍受了?！?/p>

　　“你根本無法出門或待在戶外，你只能從一個有空調(diào)的地方到另外一個有空調(diào)的地方。”

　　研究小組決定借鑒自然界存在的一些模型，從而設(shè)計出更大的穹頂。

　　Sodhi提到：“如果你觀察一下蝴蝶翅膀的結(jié)構(gòu)或者葉子的結(jié)構(gòu)，你就能發(fā)現(xiàn)它們緊致的結(jié)構(gòu)不僅使得結(jié)構(gòu)非常穩(wěn)定，而且使用的材料很少?！?/p>

　　不同的公眾反映

　　泡泡設(shè)計的屋頂由四氟乙烯做成，質(zhì)量輕、強度大而且不易隨著時間流失而有所損壞。每個泡泡里將會充滿氣體，使得泡泡可以漂浮起來。

　　整個泡泡的結(jié)構(gòu)將通過鋼鐵來支撐。

　　在2014年1月這個設(shè)計剛剛發(fā)布時，人們褒貶不一。

　　但是有些批評者說這個設(shè)計充滿了失敗主義的論調(diào)。如果泡泡里的清潔空氣是可得的，那么為什么還要麻煩地去解決像北京這樣的大城市的空氣污染問題呢?

　　其他人則提出，這個設(shè)計毫不實用，最好的結(jié)果也許就是在空氣污染的區(qū)域劃分出兩種不同階層的人?？赡苤挥猩贁?shù)的有錢人才能進泡泡里面，而大部分不幸的人只能困在霧霾里。

　　Rajat Sodhi認為這些反饋來自那些想解決空氣污染問題的人，但他說這不是他的目標(biāo)。他爭辯說：“他只是一個建筑師，創(chuàng)造出適合居住的環(huán)境。在許多地方，泡泡設(shè)計都有用。當(dāng)人們在一年中都無法接觸到綠色植物或其他空間時，泡泡設(shè)計就可以派上用場。

　　他說：“今年整個美國都受到極地氣旋的影響，完全不可能到戶外。在城市中幾乎沒有綠色植物，因此沒有自然的空氣代謝的時候，城市的空氣質(zhì)量就下降了。”

　　設(shè)計者說聲稱，這個泡泡設(shè)計，不論氣溫高低都能適應(yīng)。

　　Sodhi 先生說：“我認為這個設(shè)計在任何地方都有意義。因為這個設(shè)計在根本上是設(shè)計了一個擁有生物多樣性公園的可控環(huán)境。在整年中，這個環(huán)境里都能保持空氣的清潔。”

　　中國政府官員對此設(shè)計尚無回應(yīng)。