美國(guó)三大類學(xué)生簽證申請(qǐng)須知

Types of US Student Visa

學(xué)生類型

If you re planning to study abroad in the US either for a full degree or a shorter period you ll need to apply for a US student visa. Here s a quick guide to the three types of non-immigrant student visas for studying in the US.

如果你打算去 一不管是一個(gè)完整的學(xué)位或者短期的 你都需要申請(qǐng)美國(guó)學(xué)生簽證。下面是為大家整理的三種美國(guó)非學(xué)生簽證申請(qǐng)指南。

F Visa

This type of US student visa is for international students who are intending to pursue an academic degree at an accredited US college or university, or to study English at a university or intensive English language institute. There are three types of F visa:

F-1 visas for full-time students.

F-2 visas for dependents of F-1 visa holders (spouse and unmarried children under the age of 21). This includes same-sex married couples.

F-3 visas for border commuters Mexican and Canadian students who reside in their country of origin while attending part- or full-time school in the US.

Students with F-1 visas can work on-campus for 20 hours a week or less. Students wishing to work longer hours and off-campus must gain prior authorization from the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) they may also grant work authorization for Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT) for a total of twelve months, without accruing more than 90 days of unemployment.

譯文：

F簽證

這種類型的美國(guó)學(xué)生簽證是為那些打算修讀認(rèn)可的或大學(xué)，學(xué)術(shù)課程或密集的學(xué)習(xí)的國(guó)際學(xué)生準(zhǔn)備的。有三種類型的 F 簽證:

-F-1 :全日制學(xué)生。

-F-2: F-1 簽證持有者家屬(配偶和年齡在 21 歲以下的未婚子女)。這包括同性夫婦。

-F 3: '邊境通勤者' 和的學(xué)生居住在原籍國(guó)，但參加在美國(guó)的學(xué)校的部分或全日制課程。

F-1 簽證的學(xué)生可以每校工作20 小時(shí)或更少。希望工作更長(zhǎng)或到校外工作的學(xué)生必須事先得到美國(guó)公民及移民服務(wù)局(USCIS)的許可 他們還可能授予工作授權(quán)課外實(shí)踐培訓(xùn) (CPT) 和可選實(shí)際訓(xùn)練 (OPT)，共十二個(gè)月，不能累積超過 90 天的失業(yè)。

M visa

The second category of US student visa is for international students who want to engage in non-academic or vocational study or training at an institution in the US. There are three types of M visa:

M-1 visas for students engaging in vocational or non-academic studies.

M-2 visas for dependents of M-1 visa holders (as in F-2 visas).

M-3 visas for border commuters as in F-3 visas, but for vocational or non-academic studies.

M-1 students are admitted to the US for a fixed time period the length of their training program plus any Optional Practical Training. They must not stay in the US for longer than one year except in the case of extensions due to medical reasons. M-1 visa holders are not allowed to work on- or off-campus while studying and may not change their status to F-1.

譯文：

M 簽證

美國(guó)學(xué)生簽證第二類是為那些想要從事非學(xué)術(shù)或職業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)或培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)在美國(guó)的國(guó)際學(xué)生。有三種類型的 M 簽證:

-M-1 簽證的學(xué)生從事職業(yè)或非學(xué)術(shù)的研究。

-M 2 簽證為M 1 簽證持有者的家屬 (同 F 2 簽證)。

-M 3 簽證為 '為邊界的通勤者' 同 F 3 簽證，但是屬于職業(yè)或非學(xué)術(shù)的研究。

M-1 學(xué)生獲準(zhǔn)在固定的時(shí)間段進(jìn)入美國(guó) 他們的培訓(xùn)課程的長(zhǎng)度，再加上任何可選的實(shí)踐培訓(xùn)。他們不可以留在美國(guó)超過一年，除了醫(yī)療原因的延期。M-1 簽證持有人不允許在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)在校內(nèi)或校外上班，不可將其狀態(tài)更改為 F 1。

J visa

Finally, this third type of US student visa is for international exchange visitors participating in programs in the US that promote cultural exchange. Whether it is to obtain medical, business or other training, all applicants must meet the eligibility criteria of the program in question and be sponsored by a private sector or government program. Holders of J visas usually stay in the US for a short period of time, perhaps one or two semesters. There are two types of J visa:

J-1 visas for exchange students on a relevant exchange program.

J-2 visas for dependents of J-1 visa holders (as for F-2 visas)

J-1 visa holders will be subject to the two-year home-country physical presence (foreign residence) requirement if they are part of a government-funded exchange program, doing graduate medical educational or training or if their training is listed in the Exchange Visitor Skills list (i.e. the J-1 visa holder s home-country has deemed their field of specialized knowledge or skills as necessary to the development of the country). This requirement means J-1 visa holders will need to return to their home country for at least two years at the end of their exchange visitor program.

譯文：

J 簽證

最后，美國(guó)學(xué)生簽證的第三類是國(guó)際交流游客參加在美國(guó)促進(jìn)文化交流的課程。它是否將獲得醫(yī)療、 商業(yè)或其他方面的培訓(xùn)，所有申請(qǐng)人必須符合資格并由私營(yíng)部門或政府計(jì)劃贊助。J 簽證的持有人通常在美國(guó)待較短的時(shí)間，也許一個(gè)或兩個(gè)學(xué)期。有兩種類型的 J 簽證:

-J-1 簽證為有關(guān)交流項(xiàng)目的交換生。

-J-2 簽證為J-1 簽證持有者的家屬 (同 F 2 簽證)

J-1 簽證持有者將會(huì)有兩年本國(guó)居住的規(guī)定，如果他們是政府資助的交流計(jì)劃的一部分做研究生醫(yī)學(xué)或培訓(xùn)，如果他們的培訓(xùn)在交換訪問者技能列表中列出(即 J-1 簽證持有者的母國(guó)已當(dāng)作他們的專門知識(shí)或技能作為對(duì)國(guó)家發(fā)展的必要領(lǐng)域) 。這項(xiàng)要求意味著 J-1 簽證持有者將需要在項(xiàng)目結(jié)束之后回國(guó)至少兩年。

Derivative visas

Holders of F-2, M-2 and J-2 visas are also allowed to study in the US provided they meet their chosen institution s criteria. They do not have to apply for an F-1, M-1 or J-1 visa, but can apply if qualified.

J-2 visa holders can enroll as recreational or degree-seeking students, either full- or part-time, and discontinue their program at any time. They can also petition for a change to F-1 student status if they haven t completed their academic program by the time the principle J-1 s status has ended. However, this is only if the J-1 visa holder is not subject to the two-year home residency requirement.

F-2 and M-visa holders are not allowed to work, and must secure an appropriate work visa if seeking employment. J-2 visa holders may request work authorization from USCIS by submitting form I-765.

譯文：

衍生的簽證

F-2，M 2 和 J 2 簽證持有人也獲準(zhǔn)赴美，只要他們符合他們選擇的機(jī)構(gòu)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們不需要申請(qǐng) F-1，M 1 或 J-1 簽證，但如果合格就可以申請(qǐng)。

J-2 簽證持有者可以注冊(cè)作為娛樂的或攻讀學(xué)位的學(xué)生，全日制或非全日制，以及在任何時(shí)候中止他們的課程。他們也可以申請(qǐng)到 F-1學(xué)生簽證，如果他們還沒有完成他們的學(xué)業(yè)， J 1 狀態(tài)已經(jīng)結(jié)束。然而，這只是如果 J-1 簽證持有人也不受兩年回家居住條件限制的情況下。

F-2 和 M 簽證持有人不允許工作，如果尋求就業(yè)必須確保有適當(dāng)?shù)墓ぷ骱炞C。J-2 簽證的持有人可通過提交表單-765向移民局要求工作授權(quán)。

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