9月GMAT閱讀機(jī)經(jīng):美國(guó)樓房政策.

　　9月GMAT機(jī)經(jīng)換庫(kù)了，現(xiàn)在就由小編來(lái)為大家整理九月份的GMAT閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)整理，下面是關(guān)于GMAT閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)的相關(guān)問(wèn)題，分享給大家，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，文中觀點(diǎn)僅供參考。

　　本月原始V1【By joanfighter】

　　一篇講美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的 tax deduction，鼓勵(lì)那些有錢人多消費(fèi) 然后作者說(shuō)這種policy真的很莫名其妙，舉了三段的自己的意見(jiàn)來(lái)反駁 tax deduction 針對(duì)有錢人 實(shí)際上不平等增加 然后又講說(shuō)錢從消費(fèi)者到銷售者手里 換來(lái)?yè)Q去沒(méi)有增加實(shí)際的收入 還有一段沒(méi)看懂= =

　　整理分析【By 元叔】

　　※ 主題思路：

　　美國(guó)政府為了刺激房市，推出政策給貸款購(gòu)房者提供稅收優(yōu)惠，然后經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)此進(jìn)行反駁，一個(gè)三個(gè)原因：

　　1)商業(yè)貸款可待，銀行的錢都帶給個(gè)人買房了。

　　2)房?jī)r(jià)升高。說(shuō)如果對(duì)demand補(bǔ)貼的話，如果supply 沒(méi)有彈性的話，房?jī)r(jià)會(huì)升高。LZ是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)出身，所以這篇文中不難

　　3)是這個(gè)反而會(huì)加劇貧富分化什么的，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)政策對(duì)于高收入的人比對(duì)低收入的人更有利

　　三點(diǎn)補(bǔ)充：

　　第一是造成沒(méi)有商業(yè)貸款可待，銀行的前都帶給個(gè)人買房了。(沒(méi)記準(zhǔn)確)

　　第二是使得房?jī)r(jià)升高。說(shuō)如果對(duì)demand補(bǔ)貼的話，如果supply 沒(méi)有彈性的話，房?jī)r(jià)會(huì)升高。LZ是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)出身，所以這篇文中不難

　　第三個(gè)事這個(gè)deduction是累退的，有題目問(wèn)可以證明累退的例子跟analogy題比較像。

　　※ 段落大意：

　　第一段：提出 Tax deduction，專家三個(gè)方面駁斥

　　第一段說(shuō)提出了taxdeduction, 專家criticize。后面三段說(shuō)了三個(gè)方面。第一個(gè)，mortgage什么的;第二個(gè)，提到一個(gè)情況是inelastic了會(huì)怎么樣，(至少有兩道題的選項(xiàng)中提到過(guò)這個(gè)地方);第三個(gè)，不平等，高收入的人benit多。(有一題問(wèn)以下哪個(gè)描述的是跟文章這種情況相似，我選了一個(gè)也是說(shuō)窮人沒(méi)有有錢人買什么東西劃算~大概意思了)。

　　第二段：政府對(duì)所有人同樣的方案

　　隨后一段說(shuō)，政府還是就整一個(gè)對(duì)于所有人都一樣l的tax方案吧，這樣能公平點(diǎn)。有主旨題。細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題(都很復(fù)雜，選項(xiàng)巨長(zhǎng))，還有一個(gè)問(wèn)最后一段提出的那個(gè)方案的。

　　※ 備注：

　　細(xì)節(jié)題暴多無(wú)比

　　※ 背景資料以參考文獻(xiàn)(感謝superzhaos)

　　At first blush, the mortgage interest income taxdeduction seems like a greatthing. You get to deduct your mortgage interest from your income. This savesyou money and encourages homeownership nationwide (believed to produce positiveexternalities such as crime reduction, community, etc.).

　　But beneath the surface, themortgage tax deduction disproportionately benits the wealthy and createsperverse incentives and market distortions that are plainly bad for America. Ideal with these issues one by one:

　　(1) Good for the rich: since theUS tax code allows the deduction of mortgage interest directly from yourincome, those that benit the most are those with the most income. The verypoor cannot afford to buy a home, so they do not benit at all. Poorhomeowners benit very little because they do not pay much in income taxes.But the wealthy receive huge tax breaks from the interest on their jumboMcMansion mortgages.

　　(2) Perverse incentives: becauseof the huge mortgage interest tax break, high income earners are then encouraged(and subsidized) to buy ever more expensive mansions and borrow even more moneythrough ever larger jumbo mortgages.

　　What to Do Next

　　The rational policy choice wouldbe to eliminate the mortgage tax deduction. The federal government can stillencourage homeownership (distinguished from mansion-buying) by instituting aHousing Tax Credit. The credit could be cost-neutral and take the average costper family of the current deduction, and give that amount out as a tax creditto any family or individual who wishes to purchase a home. A standard creditwould make sure that regardless of a family&aposs income they would receive thesame nominal incentive. This would provide more incentive for poor people tobuy a home (the credit would likely be worth more to them than the currentdeduction) and waste less taxpayer money on subsidizing the mansions of thewealthy. Moreover, such a policy could potentially spur homeownership amonglower-income families which could help us dig our way out of the housingcrisis. Let&aposs hope the next president has the foresight to do something aboutthis

　　9月GMAT機(jī)經(jīng)換庫(kù)了，現(xiàn)在就由小編來(lái)為大家整理九月份的GMAT閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)整理，下面是關(guān)于GMAT閱讀機(jī)經(jīng)的相關(guān)問(wèn)題，分享給大家，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助，文中觀點(diǎn)僅供參考。