金融時報《星星經濟體去年對外直接投資飆升1/3》.

　　Foreign direct investment by emerging economies surged by almost a third last year as companies in China and elsewhere sought new opportunities offshore as a respite from slowing growth at home, according to new UN figures released today.聯(lián)合國今日發(fā)布的數據顯示，新興經濟體進行的外國直接投資去年飆升近三分之一，中國等國家的企業(yè)在海外尋求新的機遇以緩解國內增長放緩的影響。

　　The data highlight one of the big developing trends in the global economy. Once a target for multinational companies eager to invest and reap the benits of their rapid growth, emerging economies are becoming rivals to the US and Europe as a source of investment.

　　上述數據突顯出全球經濟的重大發(fā)展趨勢之一。曾經是跨國公司急于投資和收獲快速增長益處的新興經濟體，已成為一個投資來源，變成美國和歐洲的競爭對手。

　　The flow of FDI from emerging economies hit a record $484bn in 2014, an increase of 30 per cent on the year bore, according to figures compiled by the Geneva-based UN Conference on Trade and Development, or Unctad.

　　總部位于日內瓦的聯(lián)合國貿易和發(fā)展會議(UNCTAD)編制的數據顯示，來自新興經濟體的外國直接投資流動在2014年達到創(chuàng)紀錄的4840億美元，同比增長30%。

　　But that surge was driven almost entirely by Asian investors, with developing Asia accounting for $440bn in outbound investment last year and overtaking North America and Europe as the world’s biggest regional source of foreign direct investment.

　　但這種飆升幾乎完全是亞洲投資者推動的，去年發(fā)展中亞洲國家的對外投資達到4400億美元，超過北美和歐洲，成為全球最大的外國直接投資來源地區(qū)。

　　Behind that is a big shift in China in particular, said James Zhan, the head of investment for Unctad.

　　聯(lián)合國貿發(fā)會議的投資主管詹曉寧(James Zhan)表示，這種飆升尤其體現出中國的重大轉變。

　　Together, mainland China and Hong Kong accounted for $266bn in outbound investment in 2014, putting China second only to the US in the national league tables for foreign direct investment.

　　中國內地和香港加起來在2014年的對外投資達到2660億美元，這讓中國成為僅次于美國的第二大外國直接投資國。

　　IThat status is a rlection of a remarkable shift in China’s place in the world. A decade ago, mainland China saw 18 times more inbound than outbound investment, said Mr Zhan, but last year, for the first time, outbound investment overtook that coming into China.

　　這反映出中國在全球地位的明顯轉變。詹曉寧表示，10年前，流入中國內地的投資是其對外投資的18倍，但在去年，流出中國的投資首次超過流入中國的投資。

　　But slowing growth at home was also acting as an incentive for Chinese companies to look abroad, he said, and the same was true for investors from other emerging economies such as Russia. Despite the ratcheting up of sanctions and the crisis in Ukraine, Russian companies invested $56bn offshore in 2014, the same as France.

　　詹曉寧表示，國內經濟增長放緩也刺激中國公司著眼于海外，俄羅斯等其他新興體的投資者也是如此。盡管俄羅斯面臨日益嚴厲的制裁，同時烏克蘭危機持續(xù)發(fā)酵，但俄羅斯公司在2014年的對外投資仍達到560億美元，和法國一樣。

　　Investments by multinational companies in developed economies such as the EU, US and Japan were flat last year at $792bn. While there had been “modest increases” in investment by European and US companies, offshore bets by Japanese companies fell 16 per cent in 2014, according to the UN.

　　聯(lián)合國的數據顯示，歐盟、美國和日本等發(fā)達經濟體的跨國公司的投資去年持平，為7920億美元。盡管歐洲和美國公司的投資“溫和增長”，但日本公司的對外投資在2014年下降16%。

　　The composition of investments in 2014 was also telling. More than half of the investments made in 2014 by companies from developing economies were in equity and amounted to new projects or acquisitions. However, as much as 80 per cent of the FDI outflows from companies based in developed countries were in the form of reinvested earnings and the result of record cash reserves held by their foreign subsidiaries, according to the UN figures.

　　2014年的投資構成也頗能說明問題。聯(lián)合國數據顯示，發(fā)展中經濟體企業(yè)2014年對外投資的逾一半是用股本進行的，等同于新項目或者收購。然而，發(fā)達國家企業(yè)對外投資中有多達80%是盈利再投資以及海外子公司持有巨額現金儲備的結果。

　　There are signs that investors’ confidence is increasing, Mr Zhan said. A survey by McKinsey, the consultants, due next month alongside UNCTAD’s global investment report, had found rising sentiment among companies in even developed economies, he said.

　　詹曉寧表示，有跡象顯示，投資者信心正在上升。麥肯錫(McKinsey)的調查顯示，就連發(fā)達經濟體企業(yè)的信心也在增強。該調查的報告將于下月與聯(lián)合國貿發(fā)會議的全球投資報告一起發(fā)布。